be-tant



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

1 A. BRYANT. ARTIFICIAL DENTURR No. 468,761. Patented Feb. 9, 1892.

INVE/VTUH 676/. 767*7ml' WITNESSES:

ATTORNEY.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

l E. A. BRYANT.

ARTIFICIAL DENTURE.

No. 468,761. Patented Feb. 9, 1892.

A TTO/M/EY.

. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFI E.

EMORY ADDISON BRYANT, OF ASPEN, COLORADO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO EDXVARD P. ROSE, OF SAME PLACE.

ARTIFICIAL DENTU RE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 468,761, dated February 9, 1892.

- Application filed December 12, 1890- Serial No. 374.517. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Beitknown that LEMoRYAnnIsoN BRYANT, a citizen of the United States, residing in Aspen, in the county of Pitkin, State of Colo- 5 rado, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Artificial Dentures and Teeth, of which the following is a clear, full,and exact description.

This invention relates to the manufacture I o of an artificial denture and tooth-crown which can be used on all roots of teeth sound and suitable to support such work as anterior and posterior abutments for the artificial denture in bridge-work where the crown or top of the I 5 teeth to be used have been decayed or cut away, also applicable for pivot-crowns for all the teeth.

My invention has for its object the formation of an artificial denture and its abutment 2o crowns and the manufactured parts, which,

when put together and soldered in their respective positions, forms a tooth crown or abutment that allows easy access to the anchorage-pin which holds the crown or abutment 2 5 firmly to its proper place on the root, and at the same time, if occasion requires, allowing the removal of the crown or abutment in case of a bridge with perfect ease both to patient and the operator and without destroying the crown or anchorage-pin; also, to make an attachment between the bridge proper and the abutments or crowns which will allow the bridge to be removed or placed in position with little labor, so that any dentist may reach 3 the root-canals to treat them should they at any time become diseased or repair the bridge, if it be necessary.

\Vith these objects in View the invention consists in the novel features and construc- 0 tion of parts, as hereinafter described, and

pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a perspective view showing the cap and backing-plates with attachments. Fig. 2 is a section through a complete tooth. Fig. 3 is asection of a tooth, showing the parts slightly apart. Fig. 4; is a perspective View showing the manner of at taching the bridge to the abutments. Fig. 5 is a View of the same from the front. Fig. 6

is a section showing the construction and attachment of a crown. Fig. 7 is a detail of a gold crown. Fig. 8 is a perspective of a gold dummy with the attachinent-ferrules. Fig.

9 is a detail of the box or cover. Fig. 10 is a detail of the metal backing. Fig. 11 is a detail showing a modified form of anchoragepin. Fig. 12 is a perspective of the crown with attachments. Fig. 13 is a detail of the attachments. Fig. 14 is a detail view of the gutta-percha cone m. Fig. 15 is a detail of one of the internally-threaded facing pin nuts m.

The letter A designates the metallic backing, having therein the apertures a a, in which are secured the slightly-tapering tubes 6 5 or ferrules B 1-3, which receive the screw-cut pins 1) of the porcelain facing O. A recess 0 is out in thelower central portion of the backing-plate to receive the head of the anchorage-pin f, which extends through an opening a in the cap E.

F is the metal box or cover over the head of the anchoragepin and the filling g, abutting against the backing and around the recess or aperture 0. The anchorage-pinshave the threaded heads f, which receive a nut f holding the cap firmly in place. Said pins may also have a shoulder fitting against the under side of the said cap; or the pin may have a hooked head, as shown in Fig. 11, when cement, amalgam, or gutta percha is used as the retaining agent instead of the screw-pin and nut.

O is the porcelain facing, held to thebackingplate by the threaded pins Z), which engage the cylinders or tubes 13. The cylinders or tubes are soldered to the backing with pure gold, or may have a screw-threaded connection therewith. The recess c in the backingplate, which receives the head of the anchorage-pin above the cap, is a trifle smaller than the platinum box F, which covers it.

m is a cone of rubber or gutta-percha fitting into the cylinders or ferrules B B around the pins 1).

m is the facing-pin nut, which is slightly tapering or conical, as shown, to correspond to the shape of said ferrules and provided with an internal thread. These nuts m engage the thread on the pins 12 and are placed [00 inside the rubber cone m, as shown and hereinafter described.

H is the gold backing.

For the anterior crowns the root is ground in the usual manner, the cap prepared, and the anchorage-pin placed in the nerve-canal. The hole e is punched in the cap for the head f of the anchorage-pin, which is secured by the nut f"; or the head may have a hook is,

as shown in Fig. 1], where amalgam, cement, or gutta-percha is employed to fasten the crown to the anclioragepin, as hereinbefore stated. The porcelain facing and backing are then prepared and the facing-pin cylinders secured to the backing by soldering or screw-thread connection. If the posterior abutment is to be on a molar root or roots from which'the nerves have been extracted, thesame steps are taken as above described. If the abutment is to be on asound molar tooth, the tooth is ground down, a gold crown fitted, andat its anterior edge is soldered the lower half of the abutment-cylinders, as shown at K. Proceeding with the anterior crown the platinum box 'is'placed 'in position, its edges fitting closely to the top of the cap and the back of the backing under the cylinders. Hot wax is poured over the box, backing, and the cylinders in the shape and to the amount the goldisdesired on theback. Thefa'cing is then carefully removed and the filling placed onthe inside of the'platinum box. The crown is now invested in plaster and pumice to the thickness of about half an inch, leaving the part" over the wax open. The parts for the posterior crown are then fitted together and placed in position .on the cap, together-with the platinum box and hot wax poured over. The'cusps L are then placed in position and more wax'applied. If the cylinders set too close to-allow the box to be placedbelow them, the top of the box may be'placed over the cylinders, allowing them to come inside thereof instead of above it. The-facing is then withdrawn andthe same steps taken as for the anterior crown, except that before investing the attachment cylinders or tubes arepl'aced in the position-they are to occupy, as shown at K in Fig. 7. The two investments are then heated to melt'out the wax and the space occupied thereby filled with gold solder to give'the crown the desired shape when finished. They are then removed from the investments and polished. The crowns'are then placed in position and the impressions taken."

To make the bridge entirely removable from the abutments, the attachment is made between the anterior crown and the bridge by soldering in the single attachment-cylinder, as shown at'L-in Fig.12. can be used on all the different forms or crowns, both anterior and posterior, and the bridge made from any of the various forms of dummies used, there being no danger of breaking theporcelain' fronts.

These attachments The bridge may be soldered to both the anterior and posterior crowns, as the abutmentcrowns are both removable; 'but I use the attachments, so as not to be compelled to remove the posterior abutment-crown except when absolutely necessary to treat the roots or to repair a broken part. If the posterior abutment is asoundto'oth, the attachment between it and my bridge may be made by soldering a metal bar to the posterior dummy, drilling aplace in the tooth to receive the bar, and securing it there by an amalgam, gold, or other filling.

In applying the bridge to the abutments, first set all the facings of the dummy with cement or other suitable material, place in the cap of the posterior crown a thin band of gutta-percha, heat tills'oft, and properly place on the root; The anchorage-pin nuts are then placed on the pins and-the space at under the box isfilled with gl'itta-pe'rcha. Asolution of chlora-percha is then ap'plied to the pins and back of facing and the facing pushedto place. The bridge isheld-to the posterior crown by threaded pins, which engage" the internally-threaded cylinders on "the crown and onthe dummies. The anterior crown is then taken and properly placed on its root, being careful that the ferrules or cylinders rior crown and its ferrules. I The facing-pins are then screwed to place and the'anchoragepin nuts 'screwed'on' the heads of th'epins. The space a is then filled, as described, for the other crown. The facing is then placed in position, the facing pin's extending into the cylinder'or fei rules provided 'for' them, a'nd'a gutta-percha cone in placed o'n'the cylinder around and over the facing-pins. The facing-pin-nuts' m are heated sufficiently to soften the 'cone'and then screwedto place around said pins and inside of said gutta percha cone. The bridge is now ready for use andcan at any timebe taken off, should eased root ortootl'nby applyinga heatedscrewdriver to these nuts till the gutta-perc'hais softened, and the nuts may be unscrewedand the facing and filling removed. Th'eancho'rage-pin nuts are also unscrewed, anehwitli a very little movement the bridge may be "re moved; The posterior crown mayalsobe removed in a similar'm'annerj Theanchorage pins may be removed with pliers'toget at'th'e nerve-canal without'suffe'ring to the patient. The details of' the various steps employed will be readily understood by"an'yo'ne-ac quainted with the art. 3 1 Having described this invention, what I claim, and desire'to secure by Letters Patent,

' 1. In a bridge-Work of artificial teeth, the combination, with the bridge-dummies sel dered together, of independent "internallythreaded cylinders orferrul'es solderedtosaid 7 dummies, corresponding opposing internallymeet in their proper place against the'postleit be necessary for repairer treating a disthreaded cylinders soldered to the crown and serving as an abutment, and screw-cut pins engaging said cylinders on both bridge-dummies and crown, substantially as specified.

2; In a bridge-Work of artificial teeth, the backing for pivot-teeth or crowns, cylinders or ferrules projecting backward from an aperture cut in said backing and secured thereto, and a platinum box fitting up against said backing over said aperture and over an aperture in the cap, said box extending backwardly from said backing underneath said cylinders or ferrules, substantially as specified.

3. The combination,with the cap having the aperture therein for the anchorage-pin,

. of the backing-plate having an aperture 0 cut therein, and a platinum box over said aperture in the cap and abutting against the backing-plate and around said opening 0, substantially as specified.

4:. The combination,with the backing havin g the cylinders or ferrules secured thereto, of the facing secured to said backing by threaded pins engaging said cylinders, the internally-th readed nuts for said pins, and the gutta-percha cone placed between the interior surface of said cylinders or ferrules and said'nuts, substantially as specified.

5. The combination, with a cap having an aperture therein, of an anchorage-pin having a shoulder fitting up against the under side of said cap, its head projecting up through said aperture and provided With a removable fastening thereat,,substantially as specified.

6. In a bridge-Work of artificial teeth, the combination, with the posterior crown having the independent internally-threaded cylin- (lens or ferrules soldered thereto and serving as abutments, of the bridge-dummies soldered together and to the anterior crown and havin g opposite threaded cylinders secured thereto, and threaded pins engaging said cylinders on the posterior crown and on the. dummies, bot-h anterior and posterior crowns being removable and having removable facings, substantially as specified.

7. In a bridge-work of artificial teeth, the combination, with the metal cap having the aperture therein, the metal backing, the cylinders or ferrules secured thereto, the metal boX, the gold backing, and the porcelain facing having pins engaging said cylinders or ferrules, the gutta-percha cone, and the nuts on inside of said gutta-percha cone for said pins, the anchorage-pin having the securinghead and the gutta-percha filling, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presenceof two subscribing witnesses.

EMORY ADDISON BRYANT.

Witnesses:

WM. P. Rosn, L. H. KEMBLE. 

